On quantifying fault patterns of the mesh interconnect networks

One of the key issues in the design of Multiprocessors System-on-Chip (MP-SoCs), multicomputers, and peerto- peer networks is the development of an efficient communication network to provide high throughput and low latency and its ability to survive beyond the failure of individual components. Generally, the faulty components may be coalesced into fault regions, which are classified into convex and concave shapes. In this paper, we propose a mathematical solution for counting the number of common fault patterns in a 2-D mesh interconnect network including both convex (|-shape, | |-shape, ý-shape) and concave (L-shape, Ushape, T-shape, +-shape, H-shape) regions. The results presented in this paper which have been validated through simulation experiments can play a key role when studying, particularly, the performance analysis of fault-tolerant routing algorithms and measure of a network fault-tolerance expressed as the probability of a disconnection

Socioeconomic-related inequalities in self-rated health status in kermanshah city, islamic republic of iran: A decomposition analysis Inégalités socio-économiques liées à l�état de santé auto-évalué dans la ville de kermanshah (République islamique d�iran) : une analyse de décomposition

Background: Socioeconomic-related inequalities in health are a major public health challenge in both developed and developing countries. Little evidence is available on socioeconomic-related inequalities in health in different regions of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Aims: This study aimed to determine socioeconomic-related inequality in poor self-rated health in adults in Kermanshah city, western Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study with stratified sampling obtained data on socioeconomic status, demographic characteristics, behavioural risk factors and self-rated health of 2040 adults (� 18 years) in Kermanshah city. A self-adminis-trated questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants. The concentration (C) index and C curve were used to determine the socioeconomic-related inequality in poor self-rated health. A decomposition analysis of the C index was done to identify the factors explaining socioeconomic-related inequality in poor self-rated health. Results: The crude and age-adjusted prevalence of poor self-rated health was 13.8 and 18.1, respectively. The estimated C for the whole sample was �0.295, indicating that poor SRH was concentrated in the poor. The decomposition results suggested that socioeconomic status (45.5), having a chronic health condition (11.9) and smoking (7.3) were the main factors contributing to the concentration of poor self-rated health among those of lower socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The concentration of poor self-rated health among the poor in Kermanshah city warrants policy attention. Policies aimed at reducing inequality in wealth distribution and risky health behaviour and preventing chronic health conditions among the poor may mitigate socioeconomic-related inequalities in poor self-rated health in Kermanshah. © World Health Organization (WHO) 2020